This Act may be cited as the “Preventing Pretrial Gun Purchases Act”.

(a) Section 921.—Section 921(a) of title 18, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:

“(38) The term ‘pretrial release order’ means an order of a Federal, State, tribal, or local court that governs the release of an arrested person pending the trial of the person for a crime.”.

(b) Section 922.—Section 922 of title 18, United States Code, is amended—

(1) in subsection (d)—

(A) in paragraph (10), by striking “or” at the end;

(B) in paragraph (11), by striking the period and inserting “; or”; and

(C) by inserting after paragraph (11) the following:

“(12) is subject to a pretrial release order that prohibits the person from purchasing, possessing, or receiving firearms.”; and

(2) in subsection (t)—

(A) in paragraph (1)(B)(ii), by striking “receipt of a firearm” and all that follows through “section” and inserting “knowing sale or disposition of a firearm by the licensee to such other person or the receipt of a firearm by such other person would violate subsection (d), (g), or (n) of this section”;

(B) in paragraph (2), in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by striking “receipt” and all that follows through “(n)” and inserting “the knowing sale or disposition of a firearm to the person or the receipt of a firearm by the person would not violate subsection (d), (g), or (n)”;

(C) in paragraph (3)(A)(ii), by striking “that possession” and inserting “that knowing sale or disposition of a firearm by a licensee to such other person or possession”;

(D) in paragraph (4)—

(i) by striking “receipt” and all that follows through “(n)” and inserting “knowing sale or disposition of a firearm by a licensee to such other person or the receipt of a firearm by such other person would violate subsection (d), (g), or (n)”; and

(ii) by inserting a comma after “State”; and

(E) in paragraph (5)—

(i) by striking “receipt” and all that follows through “(n)” and inserting “knowing sale or disposition of a firearm by a licensee to such other person or receipt of a firearm by such other person would violate subsection (d), (g), or (n)”; and

(ii) by inserting a comma after “State”.

(a) Section 923.—Section 923(d)(1)(B) of title 18, United States Code, is amended by striking “under section 922(g) and (n) of this chapter” and inserting “by subsection (g) or (n) of section 922 and is not a person to whom the knowing sale or disposition of any firearm or ammunition is prohibited by section 922(d)”.

(b) Section 925A.—Section 925A(2) of title 18, United States Code, is amended by inserting “and to whom the knowing sale or disposition of a firearm was not prohibited by subsection (d) of that section or State law” before the comma.

(c) Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act.—Section 103 of the Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act (34 U.S.C. 40901) is amended—

(1) in subsection (e)(1)—

(A) in subparagraph (A), by striking “for whom receipt” and all that follows through “(g)” and inserting “to whom the knowing sale or disposition of or for whom receipt of a firearm would violate subsection (d), (g),”;

(B) in subparagraph (C), by striking “(g)” and inserting “(d), (g),”;

(C) in subparagraph (F)(iii)(I), by striking “(g) or (n)” and inserting “(d), (g), or (n)”; and

(D) in subparagraph (G)(i), by striking “(g) or (n)” and inserting “(d), (g), or (n)”;

(2) in subsection (g), by striking “receipt of a firearm by a prospective transferee would violate subsection (g) or (n)” and inserting “the knowing sale or disposition of a firearm to or receipt of a firearm by a prospective transferee would violate subsection (d), (g), or (n)”; and

(3) in subsection (i)(2), by striking all that follows after “respect to persons” and inserting “to whom the knowing sale or disposition of, or for whom receipt of, a firearm is prohibited by subsection (d), (g), or (n) of section 922 of title 18, United States Code, or State law.”

(d) NICS Improvement Amendments Act of 2007.—Title I of the NICS Improvement Amendments Act of 2007 (34 U.S.C. 40911 et seq.) is amended—

(1) in section 101(b) (34 U.S.C. 40911(b))—

(A) in paragraph (1)(A), by striking “a person is disqualified from possessing or receiving a firearm under subsection (g)” and inserting “the knowing sale or disposition of a firearm to a person or receipt of a firearm by a person is prohibited by subsection (d), (g),”; and

(B) in paragraph (2)(A)—

(i) by striking “after the” and inserting “after a court martial imposes a pretrial release order or the”; and

(ii) by striking “a member of the Armed Forces involved in such proceeding is disqualified from possessing or receiving a firearm under subsection (g) or (n)” and inserting “the knowing sale or disposition of a firearm to or receipt of a firearm by a member of the Armed Forces is prohibited by subsection (d), (g), or (n)”; and

(2) in section 102 (34 U.S.C. 40912)—

(A) in subsection (b)(3), by striking “are prohibited from possessing or receiving a firearm under subsection (g)” and inserting “are described in one of the categories under subsection (d), (g),”; and

(B) in subsection (c)(1)(A), by inserting “the knowing sale or disposition of a firearm to a person would be prohibited under subsection (d) of section 922 of title 18, United States Code, or applicable State law or whether” after “determination of whether”.

(a) Definition.—In this section, the term “covered pretrial release order” means an order of a State, Tribal, or local court that governs the release of an arrested individual pending the trial of the individual for a crime, and which prohibits the individual from possessing a firearm or ammunition (as such terms are defined in section 921 of title 18, United States Code).

(b) Authorization.—The Attorney General may make grants to States and Indian Tribes for the purpose of reporting information about covered pretrial release orders to the national instant criminal background check system established under section 103 of the Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act (34 U.S.C. 40901).

(c) Applications.—The chief executive of a State or Indian Tribe seeking a grant under this section shall submit to the Attorney General an application at such time, in such manner, and containing such information as the Attorney General may reasonably require.

(d) Clarification.—Grants made under this section shall be in addition to any amount that a State or Indian Tribe receives under section 302(c)(19) of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (34 U.S.C. 10132(c)(19)) (commonly referred to as the “National Criminal History Improvement Program”) or section 103 of the NICS Improvement Amendments Act of 2007 (34 U.S.C. 40913) (commonly referred to as the “NICS Act Record Improvement Program”).

(e) Authorization of appropriations.—There is authorized to be appropriated $25,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2024 through 2028 to carry out this section.