SECTION 1. Short title.

SEC. 2. Findings.

(1) To remain competitive in the global economy, foster greater innovation, and provide a foundation for shared prosperity, the United States needs a workforce with the right mix of skills to meet the diverse needs of the economy.

(2) Evidence indicates that the returns on investments in technical skills in the labor market are strong when students successfully complete their education and gain credentials sought by employers.

(3) The responsibility for developing and sustaining a skilled technical workforce is fragmented across many groups, including educators, students, workers, employers, Federal, State, and local governments, civic associations, and other stakeholders. Such groups need to be able to coordinate and cooperate successfully with each other.

(4) Coordination among students, community colleges, secondary and post-secondary institutions, and employers would improve educational outcomes.

(5) Promising experiments currently underway may guide innovation and reform, but scalability of some of those experiments has not yet been tested.

(6) Evidence suggests that integration of academic education, technical skills development, and hands-on work experience improves outcomes and return on investment for students in secondary and post-secondary education and for skilled technical workers in different career stages.

(7) Outcomes show that mentoring can increase STEM student engagement and the rate of completion of STEM post-secondary degrees.

SEC. 3. National Science Foundation STEM innovation and apprenticeship grants.

(1) by redesignating subsections (d) through (g) as subsections (g) through (j), respectively;

(2) by inserting after subsection (c) the following:

“(d) Grants for associate degree programs in STEM fields.—

“(1) IN-DEMAND WORKFORCE GRANTS.—The Director shall award grants to junior or community colleges to develop or improve associate degree or certificate programs in STEM fields, with respect to the region in which the respective college is located, and an in-demand industry sector or occupation.

“(2) APPLICATIONS.—In considering applications for grants under paragraph (1), the Director shall prioritize—

“(A) applications that consist of a partnership between the applying junior or community college and individual employers or an employer consortia, or industry or sector partnerships, and may include a university or other organization with demonstrated expertise in academic program development;

“(B) applications that demonstrate current and future workforce demand in occupations directly related to the proposed associate degree or certificate program;

“(C) applications that include commitments by the partnering employers or employer consortia, or industry or sector partnerships, to offer apprenticeships, internships, or other applied learning opportunities to students enrolled in the proposed associate degree or certificate program;

“(D) applications that include outreach plans and goals for recruiting and enrolling women and other underrepresented populations in STEM fields in the proposed associate degree or certificate program; and

“(E) applications that describe how the applying junior or community college will support the collection of information and data for purposes of evaluation of the proposed associate degree or certificate program.

“(e) Grants for STEM degree applied learning opportunities.—

“(1) IN GENERAL.—The Director shall award grants to institutions of higher education partnering with private sector employers or private sector employer consortia, or industry or sector partnerships, that commit to offering apprenticeships, internships, research opportunities, or applied learning experiences to enrolled students in identified STEM baccalaureate degree programs.

“(2) PURPOSES.—Awards under this subsection may be used—

“(A) to develop curricula and programs for apprenticeship, internships, research opportunities, or applied learning experiences; or

“(B) to provide matching funds to incentivize partnership and participation by private sector employers and industry.

“(3) APPLICATIONS.—In considering applications for grants under paragraph (1), the Director shall prioritize—

“(A) applicants that consist of a partnership between—

“(i) the applying institution of higher education; and

“(ii) individual employers or an employer consortia, or industry or sector partnerships;

“(B) applications that demonstrate current and future workforce demand in occupations directly related to the identified STEM fields;

“(C) applications that include outreach plans and goals for recruiting and enrolling women and other underrepresented populations in STEM fields; and

“(D) applications that describe how the institution of higher education will support the collection and information of data for purposes of the evaluation of identified STEM degree programs.

“(f) Grants for computer-based and online STEM education courses.—

“(1) IN GENERAL.—The Director of the National Science Foundation shall award competitive grants to institutions of higher education or nonprofit organizations to conduct research on student outcomes and determine best practices for STEM education and technical skills education through distance learning or in a simulated work environment.

“(2) RESEARCH AREAS.—The research areas eligible for funding under this subsection may include—

“(A) post-secondary courses for technical skills development for STEM occupations;

“(B) improving high-school level career and technical education in STEM subjects;

“(C) encouraging and sustaining interest and achievement levels in STEM subjects among women and other populations historically underrepresented in STEM studies and careers; and

“(D) combining computer-based and online STEM education and skills development with traditional mentoring and other mentoring arrangements, apprenticeships, internships, and other applied learning opportunities.”;

(3) in subsection (a)(3)(A), by striking the comma and inserting a semicolon;

(4) in subsection (c)(1)(B)(iv), by striking “subsection (f)(3)” and inserting “subsection (i)(3)”;

(5) in subsection (h), as redesignated—

(A) in the heading, by striking “Limitation on funding” and inserting “Funding”;

(B) by inserting “(3) Limitation on funding.—” before “To qualify” and indenting appropriately; and

(C) by inserting before paragraph (3), as redesignated, the following:

“(1) FUNDING.—The Director shall allocate out of amounts made available for the Education and Human Resources Directorate—

“(A) up to $5,000,000 to carry out the activities under subsection (d) for each of fiscal years 2019 through 2022, subject to the availability of appropriations;

“(B) up to $2,500,000 to carry out the activities under subsection (e) for each of fiscal years 2019 through 2022, subject to the availability of appropriations; and

“(C) up to $2,500,000 to carry out the activities under subsection (f) for each of fiscal years 2019 through 2022, subject to the availability of appropriations.

“(2) LIMITATION ON FUNDING.—Amounts made available to carry out subsections (d), (e), and (f) shall be derived from amounts appropriated or otherwise made available to the National Science Foundation.”; and

(6) in subsection (j), as redesignated—

(A) in paragraph (4), by striking “; and” and inserting a semicolon;

(B) by redesignating paragraph (5) as paragraph (7); and

(C) by inserting after paragraph (4) the following:

“(5) the term ‘in-demand industry sector or occupation’ has the meaning given the term in section 3 of the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 3102);

“(6) the term ‘junior or community college’ has the meaning given the term in section 312 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1058);”; and

(D) by adding at the end the following:

“(8) the term ‘region’ means a labor market area, as that term is defined in section 3 of the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 3102); and

“(9) the terms ‘mathematics, science, engineering, or technology’ or ‘STEM’ mean science, technology, engineering, and mathematics, including computer science.”.

SEC. 4. Research on efficiency of skilled technical labor markets.

SEC. 5. Evaluation and report.