This Act may be cited as the “Navigation Safety Act of 2019”.

(a) Requirements.—Section 3105(a)(1) of title 46, United States Code, is amended to read as follows:

“(1) ELECTRONIC CHARTS IN LIEU OF MARINE CHARTS, CHARTS, AND MAPS.—Subject to paragraph (2), the following vessels, while operating on the navigable waters of the United States, shall be equipped with and operate electronic navigational charts conforming to a standard acceptable to the Secretary in lieu of any marine charts, charts, and maps required by titles 33 and 46, Code of Federal Regulations, as in effect on the date of the enactment of this paragraph:

“(A) A self-propelled commercial vessel of at least 65 feet in overall length.

“(B) A vessel carrying more than a number of passengers for hire determined by the Secretary.

“(C) A towing vessel of more than 26 feet in overall length and 600 horsepower.

“(D) Any other vessel for which the Secretary decides that electronic charts are necessary for the safe navigation of the vessel.”.

(b) Exemptions and waivers.—Section 3105(a)(2) of title 46, United States Code, is amended by—

(1) in subparagraph (A), by striking “operates; and” and inserting “operates;”;

(2) in subparagraph (B), by striking “those waters.” and inserting “those waters; and”; and

(3) by adding at the end the following:

“(C) permit vessels that operate solely landward of the baseline from which the territorial sea of the United States is measured to utilize software-based, platform-independent electronic chart systems that the Secretary determines are capable of displaying electronic navigational charts with necessary scale and detail to ensure safe navigation for the intended voyage.”.

(a) Port access routes.—Section 70003(e) of title 46, United States Code, is amended—

(1) in paragraph (3), by striking “continues; and” and inserting “continues;”;

(2) in paragraph (4), by striking the period at the end and inserting “; and”; and

(3) by adding at the end the following:

“(5) shall, unless otherwise authorized by the Secretary, and notwithstanding any other provision of this chapter, require—

“(A) a 2-nautical-mile buffer between the parallel outer or seaward boundary of a traffic lane and any offshore structure affixed to the submerged land of the Outer Continental Shelf; and

“(B) a 5-nautical-mile buffer between the entry or exit of any traffic separation scheme and any offshore structure.”.

(b) Navigation; conflict mitigation.—Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of the department in which the Coast Guard is operating shall implement the recommendations of the Atlantic Coast Port Access Route Study, docket number USCG–2011–0351, dated February 24, 2016, including any recommendations in the appendices thereto.

(c) Fairways.—Not later than July 1, 2021, the Commandant of the Coast Guard shall conduct a review of navigation on the East Coast of the United States and submit recommendations for new fairways on such coast to facilitate commerce to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate.

(a) In general.—Title 46, United States Code, is amended by inserting after section 70005 the following:

(b) Clerical amendment.—The analysis for chapter 700 of title 46, United States Code, is amended by inserting after the item relating to section 70005 the following:

“70006. Safety of special activities.”.

(c) Regulations.—

(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of the department in which the Coast Guard is operating shall establish regulations to implement this section.

(2) ALIGNMENT WITH OTHER REGULATIONS.—Such regulations shall align with subchapter C of chapter III of title 14, Code of Federal Regulations.

(a) Interim exemption.—A towing vessel to which this section applies is exempt from any additional requirements of subtitle II of title 46, United States Code, and chapter I of title 33 and chapter I of title 46, Code of Federal Regulations that would result solely from such vessel operating outside the Boundary Line (as such term is defined in section 103 of title 46, United States Code) if such vessel—

(1) is listed as a response vessel on a vessel response plan and is operating outside the Boundary Line solely to perform duties of a response vessel; or

(2) is operating outside the Boundary Line solely to perform operations necessary to escort a vessel with limited maneuverability.

(b) Applicability.—This section applies to a towing vessel—

(1) that is subject to inspection under chapter 33 of title 46, United States Code, and subchapter M of title 46, Code of Federal Regulations;

(2) with only “Lakes, Bays, and Sounds” or “Rivers” routes recorded on such vessel’s certificate of documentation under section 176.110 of title 46, Code of Federal Regulations; and

(3) (A) that, with respect to a vessel that is described in subsection (a)(1), is listed on a vessel response plan under part 155 of title 33, Code of Federal Regulations, on the date of the enactment of this Act; or

(B) that, with respect to a vessel described in subsection (a)(2), is regularly engages in harbor assist operations, including the docking, undocking, mooring, unmooring, and escorting of vessels with limited maneuverability.

(c) Limitations.—A vessel exempted under subsection (a) is subject to the following operating limitations:

(1) RESPONSE VESSELS.—The voyage of a vessel exempted under subsection (a)(1) shall—

(A) be less than 12 hours in total duration; and

(B) originate and end in the inspection zone of a single Officer In-Charge, Marine Inspection, as defined in section 3305(d)(4) of title 46, United States Code.

(2) ESCORT VESSELS.—The voyage of a vessel exempted under subsection (a)(2) shall—

(A) be less than 12 hours in total duration;

(B) originate and end in the inspection zone of a single Officer In-Charge, Marine Inspection, as such term is defined in section 3305(d)(4) of title 46, United States Code; and

(C) occurs no further than 10 nautical miles from the Boundary Line.

(d) Termination.—The interim exemption provided under subsection (a) shall terminate on July 22, 2023.

(e) Restriction.—The Officer In-Charge, Marine Inspection, as defined in section 3305(d)(4) of title 46, United States Code, for an inspection zone may restrict operations under the exemptions provided under subsection (a) for safety purposes.

(f) Briefing.—Not later than July 22, 2022, the Commandant of the Coast Guard shall brief the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate regarding the following:

(1) The impacts of the interim exemptions provided under this section.

(2) Any safety concerns regarding the expiration of such interim exemptions.

(3) Whether such interim exemptions should be extended or made permanent in the interests of safety.