This Act may be cited as the “Main Street Employee Ownership Act of 2018”.

In this Act—

(a) In general.—Section 7(a) of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 636(a)) is amended—

(1) in paragraph (15)—

(A) in subparagraph (A)—

(i) by striking “this subsection to qualified employee trusts” and inserting “this subsection—

“(i) to qualified employee trusts”;

(ii) in clause (i), as so designated—

(I) by inserting “, and for any transaction costs associated with purchasing,” after “purchasing”; and

(II) by striking the period at the end and inserting “; and”; and

(iii) by adding at the end the following:

“(ii) to a small business concern under a plan approved by the Administrator, if the proceeds from the loan are only used to make a loan to a qualified employee trust, and for any transaction costs associated with making that loan, that results in the qualified employee trust owning at least 51 percent of the small business concern.”;

(B) in subparagraph (B)—

(i) in the matter preceding clause (i), by inserting “or by the small business concern” after “the trustee of such trust”;

(ii) in clause (ii), by striking “and” at the end;

(iii) in clause (iii), by striking the period at the end and inserting “, and”; and

(iv) by adding at the end the following:

“(iv) with respect to a loan made to a trust, or to a cooperative in accordance with paragraph (35)—

“(I) a seller of the small business concern may remain involved as an officer, director, or key employee of the small business concern when a qualified employee trust or cooperative has acquired 100 percent of ownership of the small business concern; and

“(II) any seller of the small business concern who remains as an owner of the small business concern, regardless of the percentage of ownership interest, shall be required to provide a personal guarantee by the Administration.”; and

(C) by adding at the end the following:

“(F) A small business concern that makes a loan to a qualified employee trust under subparagraph (A)(ii) is not required to contain the same terms and conditions as the loan made to the small business concern that is guaranteed by the Administration under such subparagraph.

“(G) With respect to a loan made to a qualified employee trust under this paragraph, or to a cooperative in accordance with paragraph (35), the Administrator may, as determined appropriate by the Administrator, elect to not require any mandatory equity to be provided by the qualified employee trust or cooperative to make the loan.”; and

(2) by adding at the end the following:

“(35) LOANS TO COOPERATIVES.—

“(A) DEFINITION.—In this paragraph, the term ‘cooperative’ means an entity that is determined to be a cooperative by the Administrator, in accordance with applicable Federal and State laws and regulations.

“(B) AUTHORITY.—The Administration shall guarantee loans made to a cooperative for the purpose described in paragraph (15).”.

(b) Delegation of authority to preferred lenders.—Section 5(b)(7) of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 634(b)(7)) is amended by inserting “, including loans guaranteed under paragraph (15) or (35) of section 7(a)” after “deferred participation loans”.

The Administrator shall provide outreach and educational materials to companies licensed under section 301(c) of the Small Business Investment Act of 1958 (15 U.S.C. 681(c)) to increase the use of funds to make investments in company transitions to employee-owned business concerns.

The Administrator shall provide outreach and educational materials to intermediaries under section 7(m) of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 636(m)) to increase the use of funds to make loans to employee-owned business concerns, including transitions to employee-owned business concerns.

(a) Establishment.—The Administrator shall establish a Small Business Employee Ownership and Cooperatives Promotion Program to offer technical assistance and training on the transition to employee ownership through cooperatives and qualified employee trusts.

(b) Small business development centers.—

(1) IN GENERAL.—In carrying out the program established under subsection (a), the Administrator shall enter into agreements with small business development centers under which the centers shall—

(A) provide access to information and resources on employee ownership through cooperatives or qualified employee trusts as a business succession strategy;

(B) conduct training and educational activities; and

(C) carry out the activities described in subparagraph (U) of section 21(c)(3) of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 648(c)(3)).

(2) ADDITIONAL SERVICES.—Section 21(c)(3) of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 648(c)(3)) is amended—

(A) in subparagraph (S), by striking “and” at the end;

(B) in subparagraph (T), by striking the period at the end and inserting “; and”; and

(C) by adding at the end the following:

“(U) encouraging and assisting the provision of succession planning to small business concerns with a focus on transitioning to cooperatives, as defined in section 7(a)(35), and qualified employee trusts (collectively referred to in this subparagraph as ‘employee-owned business concerns’), including by—

“(i) providing training to individuals to promote the successful management, governance, or operation of a business purchased by those individuals in the formation of an employee-owned business concern;

“(ii) assisting employee-owned business concerns that meet applicable size standards established under section 3(a) with education and technical assistance with respect to financing and contracting programs administered by the Administration;

“(iii) coordinating with lenders on conducting outreach on financing through programs administered by the Administration that may be used to support the transition of ownership to employees;

“(iv) supporting small business concerns in exploring or assessing the possibility of transitioning to an employee-owned business concern; and

“(v) coordinating with the cooperative development centers of the Department of Agriculture, the land grant extension network, the Manufacturing Extension Partnership, community development financial institutions, employee ownership associations and service providers, and local, regional and national cooperative associations.”.

(a) In general.—Not later than 90 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator or a designee of the Administrator shall coordinate and chair an interagency working group, which shall—

(1) develop recommendations on how Federal programs can promote, support, and increase the number of employee-owned business concerns;

(2) ensure coordination with Federal agencies and national and local employee ownership, cooperative, and small business organizations; and

(3) publish a report on the activities of the interagency working group that is indexed and maintained for public review.

(b) Meetings.—The interagency working group described in subsection (a) shall meet in person or via electronic resources at such times as determined necessary by the Administrator, but not less frequently than biannually.

Section 7(a)(15) of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 636(a)(15)), as amended by this Act, is amended—

(a) Sense of Congress.—It is the sense of Congress that cooperatives have a unique business structure and are unable to access the lending programs of the Administration effectively due to loan guarantee requirements that are incompatible with the business structure of cooperatives.

(b) Study and report.—

(1) STUDY.—The Administrator, in coordination with lenders, stakeholders, and Federal agencies, shall study and recommend practical alternatives for cooperatives that will satisfy the loan guarantee requirements of the Administration.

(2) REPORT.—Not later than 120 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to Congress the recommendations developed under paragraph (1) and a plan to implement those recommendations.

Section 3(c)(2)(A)(ii) of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 632(c)(2)(A)(ii)) is amended to read as follows: